Poteka 10. obletnica politične deklaracije UNGASS-a s katero je mednarodna skupnost po konvencijah na novo začrtala boj proti zloveščim drogam. Na zasedanju na Dunaju, ki je potekal med 10. in 14. marcem so se članice ozrle v preteklost, a razlogov za trepljanje po prsih ni bilo. V tokratni oddaji se pogovarjamo s članom slovenske delegacije na zasedanju, Jožetom Hrenom, ter dr. Frederickom Polakom, psihiatrom, ki že desetletja deluje na področju drog in je na zasedanju predstavljal nevladne organizacije.
Za začetek poslušajmo krajši besedni spopad med Frederickom Polakom in sekretarjem oddelka Združenih narodov za droge in kriminal Antoniom Costo, ki lepo prikaže na kak način poteka debata o problematiki drog v avlah, odgovornih za vse svetovno implementacijo prohibicije.
Jože Hren že več let deluje, kot svetovalec na uradu za droge, od ukinitve urada pa svoje delo na področju drog nadaljuje v okviru sektorja za krepitev zdravja in zdrav življenjski slog na ministrstvu za zdravje. Jože Hren, ki je bil član slovenske delegacije na 51. zasedanju komisije ZN za narkotike, nam bo v naslednjem intervjuju razložil poslanstvo Slovenije, ki je tokrat usklajevala resolucije in mnenja Evropske unije ter še kaj o politiki do drog Združenih narodov.
Dr. Frederick Polak je psihiater, ki že vrsto let deluje na področju drog, bil je tudi eden izmed prvih na Nizozemskem, ki so implementirali politiko izdajanja heroina na recept. Zasedanja komisije se je udeležil, kot predstavnik dveh nevladnih organizacij in sicer ENCODA-a (European Coalition for Just and Effective Drug Policies) ter Stichting Drugsbeleid-a (Netherlands Drug Policy Foundation). V naslednjem pogovoru bo predstavil svoj pogled na delovanje mednarodne skupnosti v boju proti drogam, značilnostih sekretarja Coste, dotaknila pa se bova tudi drugih zanimivih tem povezanih z drogami.
Spodnji tekst, pa je omenjeni dokument izpod taktirke Antonia Coste z naslovom "Making drug control 'fit for purpose': Building on the UNGASS decade"
“There is indeed a spirit of reform in the air, to make the conventions fit for purpose and adapt them to a reality on the ground that is considerably different from the time they were drafted. With the multilateral machinery to adapt the conventions already available, all we need is: first, a renewed commitment to the principles of multilateralism and shared responsibility; secondly, a commitment to base our reform on empirical evidence and not ideology; and thirdly, to put in place concrete actions that support the above, going beyond mere rhetoric and pronouncement." (p.13)
“Looking back over the last century, we can see that the control system and its application have had several unintended consequences - they may or may not have been unexpected but they were certainly unintended.” (p.10)
“The first unintended consequence is a huge criminal black market that thrives in order to get prohibited substances from producers to consumers, whether driven by a 'supply push' or a 'demand pull', the financial incentives to enter this market are enormous. There is no shortage of criminals competing to claw out a share of a market in which hundred fold increases in price from production to retail are not uncommon”. (p.10)
“The second unintended consequence is what one night call policy displacement. Public health, which is clearly the first principle of drug control…was displaced into the background”. (p.10)
“The third unintended consequence is geographical displacement. lt is often called the balloon effect because squeezing (by tighter controls) one place produces a swelling (namely an increase)in another place…” (p.10)
“A system appears to have been created in which those who fall into the web of addiction find themselves excluded and marginalized from the social mainstream, tainted with a moral stigma, and often unable to find treatment even when they may be motivated to want it.” (p.11)
“The concept of harm reduction is often made into an unnecessarily controversial issue as if there were a contradiction between (i) prevention and treatment on one hand and (ii) reducing the adverse health and social consequences of drug use on the other hand. This is a false dichotomy. These policies are complementary. (p.18)
“It stands to reason, then, that drug control, and the implementation of the drug Conventions, must proceed with due regard to health and human rights.” (p.19)
Oddajo je pripravil Matej J.
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